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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rualtam | om rualt |
| 2SG: | rualtat | ot rualt |
| 3SG: | rualteš | ok/ogeš rualt |
| 1PL: | rualtə̑na | ona/ogə̑na rualt |
| 2PL: | rualtə̑da | oda/ogə̑da rualt |
| 3PL: | rualtə̑t | ogə̑t rualt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rualtə̑m | šə̑m rualt |
| 2SG: | rualtə̑č́ | šə̑č́ rualt |
| 3SG: | rualte | ə̑š rualt |
| 1PL: | rualtna | ə̑šna rualt |
| 2PL: | rualtda | ə̑šda rualt |
| 3PL: | rualtə̑č́ | ə̑št rualt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rualtə̑nam | rualtə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | rualtə̑nat | rualtə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | rualtə̑n | rualtə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | rualtə̑nna | rualtə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | rualtə̑nda | rualtə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | rualtə̑nə̑t | rualtə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rualtam ə̑l'e | om rualt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | rualtat ə̑l'e | ot rualt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | rualteš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš rualt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | rualtə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na rualt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | rualtə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da rualt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | rualtə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t rualt ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rualtam ulmaš | om rualt ulmaš |
| 2SG: | rualtat ulmaš | ot rualt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | rualteš ulmaš | ok/ogeš rualt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | rualtə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na rualt ulmaš |
| 2PL: | rualtə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da rualt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | rualtə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t rualt ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rualtə̑nam ə̑l'e | rualtə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | rualtə̑nat ə̑l'e | rualtə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | rualtə̑n ə̑l'e | rualtə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | rualtə̑nna ə̑l'e | rualtə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | rualtə̑nda ə̑l'e | rualtə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | rualtə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | rualtə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rualtə̑nam ulmaš | rualtə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | rualtə̑nat ulmaš | rualtə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | rualtə̑n ulmaš | rualtə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | rualtə̑nna ulmaš | rualtə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | rualtə̑nda ulmaš | rualtə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | rualtə̑nə̑t ulmaš | rualtə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | rualt | it rualt |
| 3SG: | rualtše | ə̑nže rualt |
| 1PL: | (rualtə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na rualt) |
| 2PL: | rualtsa | ida rualt |
| 3PL: | rualtə̑št | ə̑nə̑št rualt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rualtnem | ə̑nem rualt |
| 2SG: | rualtnet | ə̑net rualt |
| 3SG: | rualtneže | ə̑než rualt |
| 1PL: | rualtnena | ə̑nena rualt |
| 2PL: | rualtneda | ə̑neda rualt |
| 3PL: | rualtnešt | ə̑nešt rualt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | rualtnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem rualt ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | rualtnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net rualt ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | rualtneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než rualt ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | rualtnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena rualt ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | rualtneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda rualt ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | rualtnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt rualt ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | rualtnet ulmaš | ə̑net rualt ulmaš |
| 3SG: | rualtneže ulmaš | ə̑než rualt ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | rualtneda ulmaš | ə̑neda rualt ulmaš |
| 3PL: | rualtnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt rualt ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | rualtaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | rualtman |
| Active participle: | rualtše |
| Passive participle: | rualtme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | rualtšaš |
| Negative participle: | rualtdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | rualtə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | rualtde |
| Gerund of prior action: | rualtmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | rualtmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | rualtšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | rualtmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | rualtdə̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||